Supplementary "Peak of Tension" Tests
When a person who is to undergo a Polygraph examination has not been informed of all the important details of the offence under investigation, the examiner can conduct as part of his examination what is known as a "peak of tension" test. It consists of the asking of a series of questions in which only one refers to some detail of the offense, such as the amount of money stolen or the kind of object taken or the implement used to commit the offense - something that would be unknown to the subject unless he himself committed the crime or unless he had been told about it by someone else. For instance, if a suspected thief has not been told about the exact amount of money involved, he may be asked a series of questions which refer to various amounts, one of which will be the actual amount stolen. The theory behind the peak of tension test is that if the person tested is the one who took the money, for instance, he will be apprehensive about the question referring to that amount, whereas an innocent person would not have such a particularized concern.
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Before conducting a peak of tension test, the examiner prepares a list of about seven questions, among which, near the middle, is the question pertaining to the actual detail. The list is then read off to the subject, and he is informed that during the test those questions, and no others, will be asked, in that precise order. A truth-telling subject, unaware of the accuracy of any one question, will not ordinarily be concerned about one more than any of the others. On the other hand, a lying subject will have that question of it, he is apt to experience a buildup of tension that will climax at the crucial question-in other words, at that point he will reach a "peak of tension."
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